Synergistic Effects of Cellulose Nanofibers and Coinage Metal Nanoparticles (Ag, CuO, and ZnO) in Active Packaging Biocomposites

I Putu  Mahendra; Laurenz Yulindry  Sihombing; Sahri  Tarigan; Renaldi  Malay; Khatarina Meldawati  Pasaribu

doi:10.6180/jase.202506_28(6).0012

Synergistic Effects of Cellulose Nanofibers and Coinage Metal Nanoparticles (Ag, CuO, and ZnO) in Active Packaging Biocomposites

I Putu Mahendra¹This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Laurenz Yulindry Sihombing¹, Sahri Tarigan¹, Renaldi Malay¹, and Khatarina Meldawati Pasaribu²

¹Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Desa Way Huwi, Kecamatan Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan, Lampung – 35365, Indonesia

²Pusat Penelitian Biomassa dan Bioproduk, Badan Riset Inovasi Nasional, Indonesia

Received: March 12, 2024
Accepted: June 23, 2024
Publication Date: September 11, 2024

Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202506_28(6).0012

This study delves into the synthesis and characterization of cellulose nanofibers (NFCs) and their nanobiocomposites incorporating coinage nanoparticles ( Ag,ZnO, and CuO ). NFCs were derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches, yielding fibers with diameters below 5 nm. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using a reduction method, resulting in spherical particles sized between 10-25 nm. The integration of these nanoparticles into the NFCs matrix was confirmed through SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and XRD analyses. FT-IR spectrum of cellulose nanofibers exhibited peaks at 3399 − 3164 cm⁻¹ for hydroxyl groups, 2925 − 2812 cm⁻¹ for the cellulose skeleton, and 1013 cm−1 for the -C-O-C/-C-O-H group. Significant changes were observed in the spectrum post-nanoparticle addition, notably at 1412 and 1317 cm⁻¹ . SEM analysis revealed microdomains of metallic nanoparticles dispersed within the cellulose nanofiber matrix, contributing to increased molecular orientation and crystallinity index. The crystallinity index of cellulose nanofiber films varied: NFC alone exhibited 76.27%, NFC − ZnO 78.54%, NFC-CuO 77.34%, NFC-Ag 76.29%, and NFC-All 77.95%. These variations directly impacted the mechanical properties of the nanobiocomposites, which exhibited significant improvements. Biological analysis confirmed antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans due to the presence of metallic nanoparticles. Furthermore, water vapor permeability assessments concluded that the nanobiocomposites are suitable for food packaging applications. These findings underscore the promise of NFC-based nanobiocomposites with coinage nanoparticles for advanced packaging materials. Future research avenues should focus on optimizing nanoparticle loading, refining dispersion techniques, and exploring further applications for these versatile nanobiocomposites

Keywords: Cellulose nanofiber, Nanoparticle, Ag, ZnO, CuO

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