Construction and Application of 3D Geological Models for Attribute-oriented Information Expression

Yongzhi Wang; Hui Zhao; Yehua Sheng; Niankun Kang

doi:10.6180/jase.2015.18.4.01

Construction and Application of 3D Geological Models for Attribute-oriented Information Expression

Yongzhi Wang This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.¹, Hui Zhao¹, Yehua Sheng² and Niankun Kang¹

¹Department of Architectural and Surveying Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
²Key Lab of Virtual Geographic Environment, MOE, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China

Received: June 26, 2015
Accepted: October 14, 2015
Publication Date: December 1, 2015

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.2015.18.4.01

ABSTRACT

To address the problem of geological structure modeling combined with property modeling during the geological three-dimensional (3D) modeling researches, a method for attribute-oriented information expression was proposed, and its applications to 3D geological modeling was also demonstrated. Smoothing methods for the stratum 3D model which was based on the modified butterfly subdivision surface modeling technique was established, thereby expressing the stratified information and lithological information for geological bodies. Based on the tetrahedron mesh discretization technique in the extended advancing-front method, a method for obtaining a 3D voxel model of geological bodies was proposed, as well as a method for generating an irregular data field to describe orebody components and grade information. Combined with the direct volume rendering technique, this method allows the visualization and analysis of orebody components and grade information. Using a salt mine as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed methods by performing salt rock 3D geological modeling and attribute information expression based on its geological exploration data was verified.

Keywords: 3D Geological Model, 3D GIS, Attribute Information Expression, Direct Volume Rendering, Irregular Data Field

REFERENCES

[1] Ming, J., Pan, M., Qu, H. G. and Ge, Z. H., “GSIS: A 3D Geological Multi-body Modeling System from Netty Cross-sections with Topology,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 756767 (2010). doi: 10. 1016/j.cageo.2009.11.003
[2] Vanneschi, C., Salvini, R., Massa, G., Riccucci, S. and Borsani, A., “Geological 3D Modeling for Excavation Activity in an Underground Marble Quarry in the Apuan Alps (Italy),” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 69, pp. 4154 (2014). doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2014.04. 009
[3] Gong, J. Y., Cheng, P. G. and Wang, Y. D., “Three-dimensional Modeling and Application in Geological Exploration Engineering,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 391404 (2004). doi: 10.1016/S00 98-3004(04)00018-4
[4] Collon, P., Steckiewicz-Laurent, W., Pellerin, J., Laurent, G., Caumon, G., Reichart, G. and Vaute, L., “3D Geomodelling Combining Implicit Surfaces and Voronoi-based Remeshing: A Case Study in the Lorraine Coal Basin (France),” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 77, pp. 2943 (2015). doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2015.01. 009
[5] Wu, Q., Xu, H. and Zou, X. K., “An Effective Method for 3D Geological Modeling with Multi-source Data Integration,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 3543 (2005). doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2004.09. 005
[6] Emery, X., “Simulation of Geological Domains Using the Plurigaussian Model: New Developments and Computer Programs,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 33, pp. 11891201 (2007). doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2007.01. 006
[7] Kaufmann, O. and Martin, T., “3D Geological Modelling from Boreholes, Cross-sections and Geological Maps, Application over Former Natural Gas Storages in Coal Mines,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 278290 (2008). doi: 10.1016/S0098-3004(08)00 227-6
[8] Gallerini, G. and De, D. M., “3D Modeling Using Geognostic Data: The Case of the Low Valley of Foglia River (Italy),” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 35, pp. 146164 (2009). doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2007.09.012
[9] Wu, Q. and Xu, H., “An Approach to Computer Modeling and Visualization of Geological Faults in 3D,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 29, pp. 503509 (2003). doi: 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00018-9
[10] Breunig, M., “An Approach to the Integration of Spatial Data and Systems for a 3D Geo-information System,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 3948 (1999). doi: 10.1016/S0098-3004(98)00104-6
[11] Shi, W. Z., Wu, L. X., Li, Q. Q., Wang, Y. B. and Yang, B. S., “Models and Algorithms for Three-Dimensional Spatial Information System,” Electronic Industry Press, Beijing, p. 108 (2007).
[12] Zhong, D. H., Li, M. C., Song, L. G. and Wang, G., “Enhanced NURBS Modeling and Visualization for Large 3D Geoengineering Applications: An Example from the Jinping First-level Hydropower Engineering Project, China,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 32, No. 9, pp. 12701282 (2006). doi: 10.1016/j.cageo. 2005.11.007
[13] Longoni, M., Malossi, A. C. I., Quarteroni, A., Villa, A. and Ruffo, P., “An ALE-based Numerical Technique for Modeling Sedimentary Basin Evolution Featuring Layer Deformations and Faults,” Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 230, pp. 32303248 (2011). doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2011.01.027
[14] Wu, L. X., Shi, W. Z. and Gold, C., “Spatial Modeling Technologies for 3D GIS and 3D GMS,” Geography and Geo-Information Science, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 511 (2003).
[15] Guglielmetti, L., Comina, C., Abdelfettah, Y., Schill, E. and Mandrone, G., “Integration of 3D Geological Modeling and Gravity Surveys for Geothermal Prospection in an Alpine Region,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 608, pp. 10251036 (2013). doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2013.07. 012
[16] Jørgensen, F., Møller, R., Nebel, L., Jensen, N. P., Christiansen, A. V., Peter, B. E. and Sandersen, P. B. E., “AMethod for Cognitive 3D Geological Voxel Modelling of AEM Data,” Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, Vol. 72, No. 34, pp. 421 432 (2013). doi: 10.1007/s10064-013-0487-2
[17] Lindsay, M. D., Jessell, M. W., Ailleres, L., Perrouty, S., de Kemp, E. and Betts, P. G., “Geodiversity: Exploration of 3D Geological Model Space,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 594, pp. 2737 (2013). doi: 10.1016/j.tecto. 2013.03.013
[18] Xing, H. L. and Liu, Y., “Mesh Generation for 3D Geological Reservoirs with Arbitrary Stratigraphic Surface Constraints,” Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 29, pp. 897909 (2014). doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2014.05.081
[19] Xu, T., Li, F., Wu, Z. B., Wu, C. L., Gao, E. G., Zhou, B., Zhang, Z. J. and Xu, G. M., “A Successive Threepoint Perturbation Method for Fast Ray Tracing in Complex 2D and 3D Geological Models,” Tectonophysics, Vol. 627, pp. 7281 (2014). doi: 10.1016/j. tecto.2014.02.012
[20] Zhu, L. F., Li, M. J., Li, C. L., Shang, J. G., Chen, G. L., Zhang, B. and Wang, X. F., “Coupled Modeling between Geological Structure Fields and Property Parameter Fields in 3D Engineering Geological Space,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 167, pp. 105116 (2013). doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.10.016
[21] Houlding, S. W., “3D Geoscience Modeling: Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization,” Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 309 (1994). doi: 10.1007/978-3- 642-79012-6_2
[22] Wu, L. X., “Topological Relations Embodied in a Generalized Tri-prism (GTP) Model for a 3D Geoscience Modeling System,” Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 405418 (2004). doi: 10.1016/S00 98-3004 (04)00019-6
[23] Qu, H. G., Pan, M., Dong, P., Cai, H. and Ming, J., “Smoothing Method of 3D Geological Models Based on Mesh Subdivision,” Geography and Geo-Informa tion Science, Vol. 23, No. 6, pp. 1417 (2007).
[24] Wang, Y. Z., Sheng, Y. H., Liu, X. S. and Chen, J., “Research on the Method of Geological Three-dimensional Modeling Based on Subdivision Virtual Drills,” Journal of Information and Computational Science, Vol. 11, No. 18, pp. 67136724 (2014). doi: 10.12733/jics2010 5086
[25] Wang, Y. Z., “Research on the Unified Data Model of Three-dimensional Representation and Analysis Calculation of Underground Spatial Objects Based on the Complex Chain,” Ph.D. Thesis, Nanjin Normal University, Nanjin, pp. 6876 (2012).