Journal of Applied Science and Engineering

Published by Tamkang University Press

1.30

Impact Factor

1.60

CiteScore

Chuan-Ho Kao This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.1 and Ren-Junn Hwang1

1Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan 251, R.O.C.


 

Received: April 14, 2005
Accepted: May 5, 2005
Publication Date: June 1, 2005

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.2005.8.2.02  


ABSTRACT


We propose an information hiding technique which based on pixels’ block. We used pixels contractive relation to hide the information that we want to embed. The characteristic of our method is that to use pixels contractive relation to assist lossy compression process in reducing the image size. There exists many hiding techniques, but most of the techniques cannot tolerate the destruction of lossy compression. Compression will speed up the transmission of the image with the hiding data. We achieve something others cannot do, to implement compression into the transmission of images in order to speed up the process. Besides, in our method it is easy to hide and extract the hiding data when implemented. We show that our method can extract the data efficiently and correctly, even with JPEG (Joint Picture Expert Group) compression. Our proposed technique tallies with the transmitted image on the Internet and it is a secure and efficient method.


Keywords: Information Hiding, Contractive Relation, Lossy Compression


REFERENCES


  1. [1] Bender, W., Gruhl, D., Morimoto, N. and Lu, A., “Techniques for Data Hiding,” IBM System Journal, Vol. 35(3&4), pp. 313336 (1996).
  2. [2] Pfitzmann, B., “Information Hiding Terminology,” Proc. of First Internet Workshop on Information Hiding, Cambridge, UK, pp. 347350 (1996).
  3. [3] Manicca, S. S. and Bourbakis N., “Lossless Compression and Information Hiding in Images,” Pattern Recognition, Vol. 37, pp. 475486 (2004).
  4. [4] Pennebaker, W. B. and Mitchell, J. L., “JPEG: Still Image Data Compression Standard,” New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, (1993).
  5. [5] Lee, Y. K. and Chen, L. H., “An Adaptive Image Steganographic Model Based on Minimum-Error Replacement,” Proc. of the Ninth National Conference on Information Security, Taichung, Taiwan, pp. 815 (1999).
  6. [6] Liu, J. C. and Chen, S. Y., “Fast two-layer Image Watermarking Without Resorting to Original Image and Watermark,” Proc. of Joint Conference of International Computer Symposium, Taiwan, R.O.C, pp. 231 238 (2000).
  7. [7] Yu, P. T., Tsai, H. H. and Kin, J. S. “Digital Watermarking Based on Neural Networks for Color Images,” Signal Processing, Vol. 81, pp. 663671 (2001).
  8. [8] Moulin, P. and Mihcak, M. K., “A Framework for Evaluating the Data-Hiding Capacity of Image Sources,” IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, Vol. 11(9), pp. 1029 1042 (2002).
  9. [9] Thien, C. C. and Lin, J. C., “A Simple and High-hiding Capacity Method for Hiding Digit-by-digit Data in Images Based on Modulus Function,” Pattern Recognition, Vol. 36, pp. 28752881 (2003).
  10. [10] Noda, H., Spaulding J., Shirazi, M. N. and Kawaguchi, E., “Application of Bit-Plane Decomposition Steganography to JPEG2000 Encoded Images,” IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Vol. 9(12), pp. 410413 (2002).
  11. [11] Wu, D. C. and Tai, W. S., “A Steganographic Method for Images by Pixel-Value Differencing,” Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 24, pp. 16131626 (2003).
  12. [12] Chang, C. C. and Tseng, H. W., “A Steganographic Method for Digital Images using Side Match,” Pattern Recognition, Vol. 25, pp. 14311437 (2004).
  13. [13] Kutter, M., Jordan, F. and Bossen, F., “Digital Signature of Color Image using Amplitude Modulation,” J. Electron. Imaging, Vol. 7(2), pp. 326332 (1998).
  14. [14] Chang, C. K. and Cheng, L. M., “Hiding Data in Images by Simple LSB Substitution,” Pattern Recognition, Vol. 37, pp. 469474 (2004).
  15. [15] Chen, T. S., Chang, C. C. and Hwang, M. S., “A Virtual Image Cryptosystem Based upon Vector Quantization,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 7(10), pp. 14851488 (1998).
  16. [16] Gray, R. M. and Neuhoff, D. L., “Quantization,” IEEE Trans. Information Theory, Vol. 44(6), pp. 23252383 (1998).
  17. [17] Hsu, C. T. and Wu, J. L., “Hidden Digital Watermarks in images,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 8(1), pp. 5868 (1999).
  18. [18] Chen, L. H. and Chang, H. M., “Two New Methods for Visible Digital Watermarking,” Proc. of the Ninth National Conference of Information Security, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C., pp. 2326 (1999).
  19. [19] Cox, I. J., Kilian J., Leighton T. and Shamoon T., “Secure Spread Spectrum Watermarking for Multimedia,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 6(12), pp. 16731687 (1997).
  20. [20] Langelaar, G. C., Lagendijk, R. L. and Biemond J., “Removing Spatial Spread Spectrum Watermarks by Non-linear Filtering,” In 9th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO’98), Island of Rhodes, Greece, pp. 22812284 (1998).
  21. [21] Wang, Y. and Pearmain A., “Blind Image Data Hiding Based on Self Reference,” Pattern Recognition, Vol. 25, pp. 16811689 (2004).
  22. [22] Chung, K. L., Shen, C. H. and Chang, L. C., “A Novel SVD- and VQ-based Image Hiding Scheme,” Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 22, pp. 10511058 (2001).
  23. [23] Swanson, M. D., Xu B. and Tewfik, A. H., “Robust Data Hiding for Images,” In 7th Digital Signal Processing Workshop (DSP96), Loen, Norway, pp. 3740 (1996).
  24. [24] Hsu, C. T. and Wu, J. L., “DCT-Based Watermarking for Video,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 44(1), pp. 206215 (1998).
  25. [25] Langelaar, G. C. and Lagendijk, R. L., “Optimal Differential Energy Watermarking of DCT Encoded Images and Video,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 10(1), pp. 148158 (2001).
  26. [26] Di, Y., Liu, H., Ramineni, A. and Sen, A., “Detecting Hidden Information in Images: A Comparative Study,” Proc. of the 2nd Workshop on Privacy Preserving Data Mining (PPDM), Florida, U.S.A., pp. 2430 (2003).
  27. [27] Westfeld, A, “F5-A Steganographic Algorithm High Capacity Despite Better Steganalysis,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2137, pp. 289302 (2001).
  28. [28] Westfeld, A. and Pfitzmann A., “Attacks on Steganographic Systems Breaking the Steganographic Utilities EzStego, Jsteg, Steganos, and S-Tools - and Some Lessons Learned,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1798, pp. 6175 (2000).