Journal of Applied Science and Engineering

Published by Tamkang University Press

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Efficient CC/CP Charging Control in Wireless Charging Systems for Automated Guided Vehicles

 2026

 Volume 34

Nguyen Thi Diep1 and Nguyen Kien Trung2

1Faculty of Control and Automation, Electric Power University, 235 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi 100000, VietNam

2School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 01 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi 100000, VietNam

Received: January 10, 2026
Accepted: July 10, 2026
Publication Date: August 22, 2026

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Structure of the proposed wireless charging system for AGVs 

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Wireless power transfer has emerged as an attractive solution for charging automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in modern industrial environments. In practice, many AGVs adopt opportunity charging, where vehicles are recharged during short idle periods along their operating routes. Under such conditions, constant-current (CC) charging ensures battery safety at low states of charge, while constant-power (CP) charging maximizes energy delivery within limited charging time. Consequently, CC/CP charging control is particularly suitable for wireless AGV opportunity charging systems. This paper proposes an efficiency-oriented CC/CP charging control strategy based on an optimized dual-side LCC compensation topology and a secondary-side control scheme using a semi-active rectifier with pulse-density modulation (PDM). The proposed approach integrates the optimized dual-side LCC circuit with the semi-active rectifier and PDM control to enable efficient CC/CP regulation with a simple control structure while maintaining high power transfer efficiency over a wide load range. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating accurate CC/CP regulation, fast dynamic response, and robust operation under wide load variations, with peak efficiencies of 96.6% in simulation and 93.1% in the experimental prototype.

Keywords: Automated guided vehicle; Wireless charging; Dual-side LCC compensation; CC/CP charging control; Opportunity charging

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