G. Murali1, A. S. Santhi This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.1 and G. Mohan Ganesh1

1School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India


 

Received: April 10, 2013
Accepted: August 13, 2014
Publication Date: September 1, 2014

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.2014.17.3.06  


ABSTRACT


It is well known that concrete is characterized by its high compressive strength, yet its brittle mode of failure is considered as a drawback of high strength concrete when it is subjected to impact and dynamic loads. This study aims to investigate the impact resistance of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC), incorporated with steel fibres at various dosages. For this, a drop weight test was performed on the 28 days cured plain and fibre reinforced concrete samples as per the testing procedure recommended by ACI committee 544. Crimped and hooked end steel fibre of length 50 mm and an aspect ratio equal to 50 was added to concrete in different proportions i.e. 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% with water cement ratio of 0.42. From the test results, it was proved that the (FRC) was effective under the impact loads thus improving the impact resistance. Also, the reduction of strength under impact load in each specimen for every three blows was determined by ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test. Further, a statistical correlation between (UPV) and number of blows under impact load was developed using regression analysis. The developed regression model predicts the reduction in strength of concrete under impact load accurately.


Keywords: Impact Energy, Failure, Compressive Strength, Fibres, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity


REFERENCES


  1. [1] Nataraja, M. C., Dhang, N. and Gupta, A., “Statistical Variations in Impact Resistance of Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Subjected to Drop Weight Test,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 989 995 (1999). doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00052-6
  2. [2] Nataraja, M. C., Nagaraj, T. S. and Basavaraja, S. B., “Reproportioning of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Mixes and their Impact Resistance,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, pp. 23502359 (2005). doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.06.011
  3. [3] Lu, X. and Hsu, C., “Behavior of High Strength Concrete with and without Steel Fibre Reinforcement in Triaxial Compression,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 36, pp. 16791685 (2006). doi: 10.1016/j. cemconres.2006.05.021
  4. [4] Yazici, S., Inan, G. and Tabak, V., “Effect of Aspect Ratio and Volume Fraction of Steel Fibre on the Mechanical Properties of SFRC,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 21, pp. 12501253 (2007). doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.025
  5. [5] Altun, F., Haktanir, T. and Ari, K., “Effects of Steel Fibre Addition on Mechanical Properties of Concrete and RC Beams,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 21, pp. 654661 (2007). doi: 10.1016/ j.conbuildmat.2005.12.006
  6. [6] Camps, G., Turatsinze, A., Sellier, A., Escadeillas, G. and Bourbon, X., “Steel-Fibre-Reinforcement and Hydration Coupled Effects on Concrete Tensile Behavior,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 75, pp. 52075216 (2008). doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2008. 08.008
  7. [7] Mohammadi, Y., Singh, S. P. and Kaushik, S. K., “Properties of Steel Fibrous Concrete Containing Mixed Fibres in Fresh and Hardened State,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 22, pp. 956965 (2008). doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.12.004
  8. [8] Wang, Z. L., Liu, Y. S. and Shen, R. F., “Stress-Strain Relationship of Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete under Dynamic Compression,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 22, pp. 811819 (2008). doi: 10. 1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.01.005
  9. [9] Eren, Ö. and Marar, K., “Effect of Limestone Crusher Dust and Steel Fibre on Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, pp. 981988 (2009). doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.05.014
  10. [10] Atis, C. D. and Karahan, O., “Properties of Steel Fibre Reinforced Fly Ash Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, pp. 392399 (2009). doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.11.002
  11. [11] Ding, Y., Zhang, Y., Thomas, A. and Kusterle, W., “The Investigation on Strength and Flexural Toughness of Fibre Cocktail Reinforced Self-Compacting High Performance Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, pp. 448452 (2009). doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.11.006
  12. [12] Song, P., Wu, J., Hwang, S. and Sheu, B., “Assessment of Statistical Variations in Impact Resistance of HighStrength Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 393399 (2005). doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.07.021
  13. [13] Atef, B., Ashraf, F. and Andrew, K., “Statistical Variations in Impact Resistance of Polypropylene Fibre-Reinforced Concrete,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 32, pp. 19071920 (2006). doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.05.003
  14. [14] Wang, Z., Liu, Y. and Shen, R., “Stress-Strain Relationship of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete under Dynamic Compression,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 22, pp. 811819 (2008). doi: 10.1016/ j.conbuildmat.2007.01.005
  15. [15] Mahmoud, N. and Afroughsabet, V., “Combined Effect of Silica Fume and Steel Fibres on the Impact Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Concrete,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 37, pp. 879886 (2010). doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2010. 03.004
  16. [16] Alavi Nia, A., Hedayatian, M., Nili, M. and Afrough Sabet, V., “An Experimental and Numerical Study on How Steel and Polypropylene Fibres Affect the Impact Resistance in Fibre-Reinforced Concrete,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 46, pp. 6273 (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.01.009
  17. [17] ACI Committee 544.2R-89, Measurement of Properties of Fibre Reinforced Concrete, Detroit: American Concrete Institute (1989).
  18. [18] Taner Yildirim, S., Cevdet, E. and Fehim Findik, E., “Properties of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete under Repeated Impact Loads,” Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing, Vol. 46, No. 7, pp. 538546 (2010). doi: 10.1134/S1061830910070090
  19. [19] Mohammadi, Y., Carkon-Azad, R., Singh, S. P. and Kaushik, S. K., “Impact Resistance of Steel Fibrous Concrete Containing Fibres of Mixed Aspect Ratio,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, pp. 183189 (2009). doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008. 01.002
  20. [20] Chen, X. Y., Ding, Y. N. and Azevedo, C., “Combined Effect of Steel Fibres and Steel Rebars on Impact Resistance of High Performance Concrete,” J Cent South Univ Technol, Vol. 18, pp. 16771684 (2011). doi: 10.1007/s11771-011-0888-y
  21. [21] ACI 228R-98, Nondestructive Test Methods for Evaluation of Concrete in Structures, ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, ACI, USA, Vol. 62 (2000).
  22. [22] IS: 13311(PT1)-1992, Methods of Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete: Part 1 Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
  23. [23] IS: 383-1970, Specification for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources for Concrete , Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
  24. [24] IS: 456-2000, Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India
  25. [25] Swamy, R. N. and Jojagha, A. H., “Impact Resistance of Steel Fibre Reinforced Lightweight Concrete,” The International J of Cement Composites and Light Weight Concrete, No. 4, pp. 209220 (1982). doi: 10.1016/0262-5075(82)90024-0