Yi-Chao Wu This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.1 and Chiu-Ching Tuan2

1Department of Information Management, Chihlee University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan 220, R.O.C.
2Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 106, R.O.C.


 

Received: March 2, 2016
Accepted: June 17, 2016
Publication Date: December 1, 2016

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.2016.19.4.15  

ABSTRACT


In wireless sensor and actuator networks, events ordering is an important issue since the ordering of monitored events actuator received could determine the correct interpretation of what event is occurring in the monitored environment. In the real situation, events may belong to different groups. Each group may be co-related with other groups based on the time ordering, such as the group-related events ordering we defined. However, the existing events ordering algorithms addressed nothing for group-related events ordering. Hence, we proposed a group events ordering by double confirmations, GOBDC, to treat the group-related events ordering in correct group order. Simulation results demonstrated that the rate of the correct events ordering of GOBDC could be up to 100%. Once the number of events or the probability of event with a delay increased, GOBDC still guaranteed the rate of the correct events ordering to be 100%.


Keywords: Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks, Events Ordering, Correct Interpretation, Group-related Events Ordering, Double Confirmations


REFERENCES


  1. [1] Akyildiz, I. F. and Kasimoglu, I. H., Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks: Research Challenges. Ad Hoc Networks, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 351367 (2004). doi: 10. 1016/j.adhoc.2004.04.003
  2. [2] Munir, M. F. and Eurecom, I., Wireless Sensor and Sensor-Actuator Networks Research Trends, Protocols, and Applications, 2005 Networking and Communications Conference, 2005 May 13; Lahore, Pakistani, IEEE; pp. 66 (2008). doi: 10.1109/INCC.2008.4562673
  3. [3] Melodia, T., Pompili, D. and Akyildiz, I. F., A Communication Architecture for Mobile Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks, 2006 Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks Conference, 2006 September 28; Reston, VA, IEEE, pp. 109118 (2006). doi: 10.1109/SAHCN.2006.288415
  4. [4] Melodia, T., Pompili, D., Gungor, V. C. and Akyildiz, I. F., “Communication and Coordination in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks,” IEEE Transaction on Mobile Computing, Vol. 6, No. 10, pp. 11161129 (2007). doi: 10.1109/TMC.2007.1009
  5. [5] Boukerche, A., Silva, F. H. S., Araujo, R. B. and Pazzi, R. W. N., A Low Latency and Energy Aware Event Ordering Algorithm for Wireless Actor and Sensor Networks, 2005 Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems Conference, 2005 October 1013; Quebec, Canada, ACM, pp. 111117 (2005). doi: 10.1145/1089444.1089465
  6. [6] Boukerche, A. and Martirosyan, A., An Efficient Algorithm for Preserving Events’ Temporal Relationships in Wireless Sensor Actor Networks, 2007 Local Computer Networks Conference, 2007 October 1518, Dublin, IEEE, pp. 771780 (2007). doi: 10.1109/LCN.2007. 153
  7. [7] Boukerche, A., Araujo, R. B. and Silva, F. H. S., “An Efficient Event Ordering Algorithm that Extends the Lifetime of Wireless Actor and Sensor Networks,” Performance Evaluation, Vol. 64, No. 5, pp. 480494 (2007). doi: 10.1016/j.peva.2006.08.009
  8. [8] Boukerche, A., Araujo, R. B., Silva, F. H. S. and Villas, L., “Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks Context Interpretation for the Emergency Preparedness Class of Applications,” Computer Communications, Vol. 30, No. 13, pp. 25932602 (2007). doi: 10.1016/j.comcom. 2007.05.053
  9. [9] Lamport, L., “Time, Clocks and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System,” Communications of the ACM, Vol. 21, No. 7, pp. 558565 (1978). doi: 10.1145/359545.359563
  10. [10] Samani, M. M. and Sloman, M., “GEM: A Generalized Event Monitoring Language for Distributed Systems,” Distributed Systems Engineering Journal, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 96108 (1997). doi: 10.1088/0967-1846/4/2/004
  11. [11] Raynal, M., Schiper, A. and Toueg, S., “The Causal Ordering Abstraction and a Simple Way to Implement It,” Information Processing Letters, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 343350 (1991). doi: 10.1016/0020-0190(91)90008-6
  12. [12] Romer, K., Temporal Message Ordering in Wireless Sensor Networks, 2003 Ad-Hoc Networks Conference, 2003 June 2527; Mahdia, Tunisia, IFIP, pp. 131142 (2003).
  13. [13] Boukerche, A., Pazzi, R. N. and Araujo, R. B., A Fast and Reliable Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks in Critical Conditions Monitoring Applications, 2004 Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems Conference, 2004 October 46; Venice, Italy, ACM, pp. 157164 (2004). doi: 10.1145/1023663. 1023692
  14. [14] Tuan, C.-C. and Wu, Y.-C., “Event Ordering by Double Confirmation in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks,” IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 829836 (2011). doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2010.2085431
  15. [15] Tuan, C.-C. and Wu, Y.-C., “Coverage and Connectivity Aware Clustering Algorithm within k-Hops in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks,” Science China Information Sciences, Vol. 57, No. 6, pp. 120136 (2014). doi: 10.1007/s11432-013-5022-3
  16. [16] Mallapur, S. V. and Patil, S. R., “Survery on Simulations Tools for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks,” International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 241248 (2012).
  17. [17] Abedi, R. H., Aslam, N. and Ghani, S., Fault Tolerance Analysis of Heterogeneous Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network, 2011 Electrical and Computer Engineering Conference, 2011 Niagara Falls, ON, IEEE, pp. 175179 (2011). doi: 10.1109/CCECE.2011.603 0433