{"id":857,"date":"2026-03-08T01:06:28","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T17:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iweb20wp-b205b.url.tku.edu.tw\/jase\/?post_type=tkuisotope&p=857"},"modified":"2026-03-22T13:42:34","modified_gmt":"2026-03-22T05:42:34","slug":"optimization-of-ion-beam-elements-using-mathematical-transport-formalism-2","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/jase\/?tkuisotope=optimization-of-ion-beam-elements-using-mathematical-transport-formalism-2","title":{"rendered":"Optimization of Ion Beam Elements Using Mathematical Transport Formalism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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<\/i> 2026<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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<\/i> Volume 30<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Mohamed Eisa1<\/sup><\/i><\/a>, J.L. Conradie2<\/sup>, C. Mtshali3<\/sup>, N. Mongwaketsi3<\/sup>, and M. Maaza3,4<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup>Department of Physics, College of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/sup>iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Accelerator Department, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West 7129, Cape Town, South Africa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3Materials Research Department, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West 7129, Cape Town, South Africa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences & Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Received:\u00a0May 22, 2025
Accepted:\u00a0August 15, 2025
Publication Date:\u00a0March 8, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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TBeam envelopes calculated with the computer program TOSCA. The trajectories of a number of particles with the same starting position but different angular deviations are shown. The voltages on the electrodes are the same as those which have been used with the program IGUN in Fig. 2 above.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/i> Copyright <\/strong>The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Download Citation:\u00a0 RIS<\/a> | BibTeX <\/a>| http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202607_30.027<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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In the study we report the features and ideal stable operating conditions of the ion source and the accelerator\u2019s beam behavior of a nuclear microprobe at a laboratory for accelerator-based science (LABS) laboratory, i.e., iThemba LABS, South Africa. Since the aim is to improve the reliability and stability of ion beams used as a probe, we optimize the beam characteristics along the Van de Graaff accelerator from the ion source through the accelerator. Higher-order aberrations and non-ideal magnetic field profiles can induce complexities in beam deformation that are frequently missed by conventional first-order linear approximations. Moreover, the complicated nature and time commitment of trial-and-error methods make experimental adjustment alone inadequate. To accurately model and optimize the transport and focus characteristics of the ion beam, including effects from non-linear field components, dispersion, and alignment errors, a thorough mathematical framework is therefore required, backed by simulation tools such as TRANSPORT, TOSCA, and IGUN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:\u00a0beam line; emittance; beam intensity; ion source; microprobe; magnetic field<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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