{"id":6168,"date":"2026-05-10T06:33:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-09T22:33:34","guid":{"rendered":"\/jase\/?post_type=tkuisotope&#038;p=6168"},"modified":"2026-07-03T15:51:42","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T07:51:42","slug":"space-time-based-detection-of-infrared-small-moving-target","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/jase\/?tkuisotope=space-time-based-detection-of-infrared-small-moving-target","title":{"rendered":"Space-time-based Detection of Infrared Small Moving Target"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row article-info\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-3 align-self-start\">\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-folder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/jase\/?page_id=6099\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"807\">2020<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-3 align-self-start\">\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-folder-open\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/jase\/?page_id=6154\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"4630\">Volume 23, Issue 3<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-6 align-self-start\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div dv_publish\" data-aos=\"normal\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-10T06:33:34+08:00\">2026-05-10<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-5 align-self-start\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div au-ol\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<p>Wencheng Wu<sup>1<\/sup> and Askar Hamdulla<sup>1<\/sup><a href=\"mailto:askar_H@21cn.com\"><i class=\"fa fa-envelope\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><sup>1<\/sup>Institute of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<p>Received:\u00a0May 15, 2019<br>Accepted:\u00a0May 10, 2020<br>Publication Date:\u00a0May 10, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-7 align-self-start clk=\u5716\u7247\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/23_3_14.jpg\" class=\"img-fluid img-fluid mx-auto d-block\" alt=\"\u4e0a\u50b3\u5716\u7247\">\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Example of target enhancement by morphological filtering of a base sample. (a) Original image. (b) \u03b4<sub>expansion<\/sub> \u00b7 (c) \u03b4<sub>corrosion<\/sub> \u00b7 (d) f<sub>ing\u2019<\/sub>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><i class=\"fab fa-creative-commons\"><\/i>&nbsp;<strong>Copyright&nbsp;<\/strong>The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Commons Attribution&nbsp;License (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Download Citation:&nbsp; <a href=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/V233.0014.bib\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"6349\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BibTeX <\/a>| <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202009_23(2).0014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202009_23(3).0014<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"btn btn-primary article-btn\"><a href=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/14-2019-0179_V23i3.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"6376\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>With the development of infrared monitoring and early warning system, more and more attention has been paid to the research of infrared small target detection. How to effectively detect the target in a complex background has always been a major challenge for researchers. This paper presents a space-time-based detection for small infrared target, which can improve the performance of infrared small target detection system. Firstly, the targets are enhanced and the background clutter is suppressed by the morphological filter. Then, the segmentation images method is proposed to erase the majority noises, which calculates an adaptive thresholds based on the constant false alarm rate (CFAR). Finally, a dynamic detection is proposed to erase all of the noises in the multi-frame, which adjust the size and position of the search window based on the kinematic rule of targets. Experimental results show that this technology can effectively detect the small infrared target with high performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords:\u00a0Morphology filter; Constant false alarm rate CFAR; Motion feature analysis; Point target detection; SNR of point target<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:2rem\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div ref_ol\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<ol>\n<li>[1] Bin Wang, Lili Dong, Ming Zhao, and Wenhai Xu. Fast infrared maritime target detection: Binarization via histogram curve transformation. Infrared Physics and Technology, 83:32\u201344, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[2] Jing Hu, Yi Yu, and Fan Liu. Small and dim target detection by background estimation. Infrared Physics and Technology, 73:141\u2013148, 2015.<\/li>\n<li>[3] Changcai Yang, Jiayi Ma, Shengxiang Qi, Jinwen Tian, Sheng Zheng, and Xin Tian. Directional support value of Gaussian transformation for infrared small target detection. Applied Optics, 54(9):2255, 2015.<\/li>\n<li>[4] Yujie Li, Huimin Lu, Jianru Li, Xin Li, Yun Li, and Seiichi Serikawa. Underwater image de-scattering and classification by deep neural network. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 54:68\u201377, 2016.<\/li>\n<li>[5] Jinhui Han, Yong Ma, Jun Huang, Xiaoguang Mei, and Jiayi Ma. An Infrared Small Target Detecting Algorithm Based on Human Visual System. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 13(3):452\u2013456, 2016.<\/li>\n<li>[6] Liu Gang, Wang Fei, and Liu Zhonghua. Infrared aerial small target detection based on digital image processing. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 76(19):19809\u201319823, oct 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[7] Yao Qin and Biao Li. Effective Infrared Small Target Detection Utilizing a Novel Local Contrast Method. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 13(12):1890\u20131894, 2016.<\/li>\n<li>[8] Xiaolong Wang and Cuixia Chen. Ship Detection for Complex Background SAR Images Based on a Multiscale Variance Weighted Image Entropy Method. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 14(2):184\u2013187, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[9] R. Venkateswarlu. Max-mean and max-median filters for detection of small targets. Proceedings of SPIE &#8211; The International Society for Optical Engineering, (3809):74\u201383, 1999.<\/li>\n<li>[10] Jinyan Nie, Shaocheng Qu, Yantao Wei, Liming Zhang, and Lizhen Deng. An infrared small target detection method based on multiscale local homogeneity measure. Infrared Physics and Technology, 90:186\u2013194, 2018.<\/li>\n<li>[11] Lizhen Deng, Hu Zhu, Quan Zhou, and Yansheng Li. Adaptive top-hat filter based on quantum genetic algorithm for infrared small target detection. Multimedia Tools and Applications, pages 1\u201313, mar 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[12] Xiangzhi Bai and Fugen Zhou. Analysis of new tophat transformation and the application for infrared dim small target detection. Pattern Recognition, 43(6):2145\u20132156, 2010.<\/li>\n<li>[13] He Zhang, Yanxiong Niu, and Hao Zhang. Small target detection based on difference accumulation and Gaussian curvature under complex conditions. Infrared Physics and Technology, 87:55\u201364, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[14] Jinhui Han, Kun Liang, Bo Zhou, Xinying Zhu, Jie Zhao, and Linlin Zhao. Infrared Small Target Detection Utilizing the Multiscale Relative Local Contrast Measure. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 15(4):612\u2013616, 2018.<\/li>\n<li>[15] Xin Yang, Yanpei Zhou, Dake Zhou, Ruigang Yang, and Yinji Hu. A new infrared small and dim target detection algorithm based on multi-directional composite window. Infrared Physics and Technology, 71:402\u2013407, 2015.<\/li>\n<li>[16] Kun Qian, Huixin Zhou, Shenghui Rong, Bingjian Wang, and Kuanhong Cheng. Infrared dim-small target tracking via singular value decomposition and improved Kernelized correlation filter. Infrared Physics and Technology, 82:18\u201327, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[17] Xiaoliang Sun, Xiaolin Liu, Zhixuan Tang, Gucan Long, and Qifeng Yu. Real-time visual enhancement for infrared small dim targets in video. Infrared Physics and Technology, 83:217\u2013226, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[18] Mahdi Nasiri and Saeed Chehresa. Infrared small target enhancement based on variance difference. Infrared Physics and Technology, 82:107\u2013119, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[19] K Yu, Z Shi, X Lu Selected Papers of the Chinese Society For, and Undefined 2017. Infrared small target detection method based on local threshold attenuation of constant false alarm. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Conference Series, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>[20] Jinhui Han, Kun Liang, Bo Zhou, Xinying Zhu, Jie Zhao, and Linlin Zhao. Infrared Small Target Detection Utilizing the Multiscale Relative Local Contrast Measure. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 15(4):612\u2013616, 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"template":"wp-custom-template-detail-4-aricles","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[1200,6,1203],"tags":[1256],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":[],"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"\u6797\u923a\u6db5","author_link":"\/jase\/?author=3"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"&nbsp;Copyright&nbsp;The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution&nbsp;License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited. Download Citation:&nbsp; BibTeX | http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202009_23(3).0014&nbsp;&nbsp; Download PDF With the development of infrared monitoring and early warning system, more&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope\/6168"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope"}],"about":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/tkuisotope"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}