{"id":5543,"date":"2026-05-04T11:08:45","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T03:08:45","guid":{"rendered":"\/jase\/?post_type=tkuisotope&#038;p=5543"},"modified":"2026-05-04T23:17:04","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T15:17:04","slug":"jase-202609-32-028","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/jase\/?tkuisotope=jase-202609-32-028","title":{"rendered":"Inverse Analysis of Internal Crack Propagation Depth in Cantilever Anti-Sliding Piles Based on Artificial Intelligence and XFEM"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row article-info\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-3 align-self-start\">\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-folder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/jase\/?page_id=807\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"807\">2026<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-3 align-self-start\">\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-folder-open\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/jase\/?page_id=3671\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1055\">Volume 32<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-6 align-self-start\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div dv_publish\" data-aos=\"normal\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-04T11:08:45+08:00\">2026-05-04<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-5 align-self-start\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div au-ol\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<p>Qingyang Ren<sup>1,2<\/sup>, Yanding Wang<sup>1,2<\/sup><a href=\"mailto:ydwang@mails.cqjtu.edu.cn\"><i class=\"fa fa-envelope\"><\/i><\/a>, Songqiang Xiao<sup>1,2<\/sup>, Yanping Jia<sup>1,2<\/sup>, Senlin Gao<sup>1,2<\/sup>, and Yong Zeng<sup>1,2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><sup>1<\/sup>State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><sup>2<\/sup>School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<p>Received:&nbsp;October 9, 2025<br>Accepted:&nbsp;April 19, 2026<br>Publication Date:&nbsp;May 4, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-7 align-self-start clk=\u5716\u7247\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/32_028.jpg\" class=\"img-fluid img-fluid mx-auto d-block\" alt=\"\u4e0a\u50b3\u5716\u7247\">\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">ABC algorithm flowchart.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><i class=\"fab fa-creative-commons\"><\/i>&nbsp;<strong>Copyright&nbsp;<\/strong>The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Commons Attribution&nbsp;License (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Download Citation:\u00a0 <a href=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/V32.0028.txt\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"5558\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BibTeX <\/a>| <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202609_32.028\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202609_32.028<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"btn btn-primary article-btn\"><a href=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/028_2025_1467_V32.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"5559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cantilever anti-sliding piles are critical for slope stability, yet their subsurface health assessment remains challenged due to the invisibility of internal damage. This study proposes an on-destructive inversion framework that integrates computer vision with computational mechanics to quantify internal crack propagation depth based on surface morphological features. To address the limitations of the standard Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm, specifically its slow convergence and susceptibility to local optima\u2014an Improved ABC (I-ABC) algorithm is developed. This enhancement incorporates a neighborhood-based optimal guidance mechanism and an adaptive selection probability strategy to strike an optimal balance between global exploration and local exploitation. The proposed framework first employs an optimized YOLOv8 model, with hyper-parameters tuned via the I-ABC algorithm, to extract surface crack parameters. These parameters are subsequently mapped to internal depths using a normalized objective function derived from an Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) forward modeling database. Experimental validation, utilizing a hybrid dataset comprising physical pile tests and numerical simulations, demonstrates that the proposed method achieves a crack depth inversion accuracy of 96%. Furthermore, statistical comparisons reveal that the I-ABC algorithm significantly outperforms Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) in terms of robustness and convergence speed. Ultimately, this framework provides a reliable and automated tool for the<br>structural health monitoring of geotechnical infrastructure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords:&nbsp;Cantilever anti-sliding pile; Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm; Adaptive parameters; Crack propagation depth; Extended Finite Element Method<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:2rem\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div ref_ol\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div id=\"model-response-message-contentr_aa52381b7a834d76\" class=\"markdown markdown-main-panel stronger enable-updated-hr-color\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-busy=\"false\">\n<ol>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[1] Z. Zhu and B. Lin, (2024) \u201cCalculations on Pile Spacing of Cantilever Anti-Slide Piles and Its Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations\u201d Chinese Journal of Industrial Construction 54(10): 183\u2013190. DOI: 10.13204\/j.gyjzg22100503.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[2] Q. Ren, Y. Wang, and J. Shi, (2024) \u201cAdvances in Target Detection Algorithms for Convolutional Neural Networks\u201d Science Technology and Engineering 24(32): 13665\u201313677. DOI: 10.12404\/j.issn.1671-1815.2402976.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[3] J. H. Holland, (1992) \u201cGenetic Algorithms\u201d Scientific American 267(1): 66\u201373.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[4] J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart. \u201cParticle swarm optimization\u201d. In: Proceedings of ICNN\u201995 &#8211; International Conference on Neural Networks. 4. 1995, 1942\u20131948 vol.4. DOI: 10.1109\/ICNN.1995.488968.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[5] D. Marco, B. Mauro, and S. Thomas, (2006) \u201cAnt colony optimization\u201d IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine 1(4): 28\u201339. DOI: 10.1109\/MCI.2006.329691.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[6] S. Mirjalili, S. M. Mirjalili, and A. Lewis, (2014) \u201cGrey Wolf Optimizer\u201d Advances in Engineering Software 69: 46\u201361. DOI: 10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2013.12.007.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[7] D. Karaboga and B. Basturk, (2007) \u201cA powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm\u201d Journal of Global Optimization 39(3): 459\u2013471. DOI: 10.1007\/s10898-007-9149-x.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[8] X. Deng, C. Du, L. Jin, and X. Wang, (2019) \u201cRecognition of structural defects with improved artificial bee colony algorithm\u201d Chinese Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science) 42(06): 856\u2013864. DOI: 10.3969\/j.issn.1003-5060.2019.06.0123.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[9] Z. Xiang, L. Liu, and Z. Zhu, (2024) \u201cResearch on Propagation Behaviors of Fatigue Cracks of Arc-Cutouts in Diaphragms Based on XFEM\u201d Chinese Journal of Bridge Construction 54(03): 46\u201353. DOI: 10.20051\/j.issn.1003-4722.2024.03.007.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[10] B. Akay, D. Karaboga, B. Gorkemli, and E. Kaya, (2021) \u201cA survey on the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm variants for binary, integer and mixed integer programming problems\u201d Applied Soft Computing 106: 107351. DOI: 10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.107351.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[11] D. Bajer and B. Zori\u0107, (2019) \u201cAn effective refined artificial bee colony algorithm for numerical optimisation\u201d Information Sciences 504: 221\u2013275. DOI: 10.1016\/j.ins.2019.07.022.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[12] G. Zhu and S. Kwong, (2010) \u201cGbest-guided artificial bee colony algorithm for numerical optimization\u201d Applied Mathematics and Computation 217(7): 3166\u20133173. DOI: 10.1016\/j.amc.2010.08.049.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[13] W.-f. Gao and S.-y. Liu, (2012) \u201cA modified artificial bee colony algorithm\u201d Computers &amp; Operations Research 39(3): 687\u2013697. DOI: 10.1016\/j.cor.2011.06.007.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[14] D. Kong, T. Chan, W. Dai, Q. Wang, and H. Sun, (2019) \u201cAn improved artificial bee colony algorithm based on the ranking selection and the elite guidance\u201d Chinese Journal of Control and Decision 34(04): 781\u2013786. DOI: 10.13195\/j.kzyjc.2017.1334.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[15] D. Guo. \u201cResearch and Application of Hidden Trouble Detection Model of Transmission Line Based on Improved YOLOX\u201d. (mathesis). Liaoning Technical University,CHINA, 2023. DOI: 10.27210\/d.cnki.glnju.2023.000583.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[16] T. Belytschko and T. Black, (1999) \u201cElastic crack growth in finite elements with minimal remeshing\u201d International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 45(5): 601\u2013620. DOI: 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0207(19990620)45:5&lt;601::AID-NME598&gt;3.0.CO;2-S.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[17] J. Yu, X. X. Feng Li, P. Zhu, X. Wu, and P. Lu, (2021) \u201cIntelligent Identification of Bridge Structural Cracks Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Mask R-CNN\u201d Chinese Journal of Highway and Transport 34(12): 80\u201390. DOI: 10.19721\/j.cnki.1001-7372.2021.12.007.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[18] Z. Fang, J. Xia, and C. Liu, (2016) \u201cCrack shape detection on the structural surface based on image analysis technology\u201d Chinese Journal of Railway Science and Engineering 13(12): 2447\u20132454. DOI: 10.19713\/j.cnki.43-1423\/u.2016.12.019.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[19] S. Hao, W. Haim, and B. Raimondo, (2013) \u201cNondestructive identification of multiple flaws using XFEM and a topologically adapting artificial bee colony algorithm\u201d International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 95(10): 871\u2013900. DOI: 10.1002\/nme.4529.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[20] J. Song. \u201cResearch of identification method for bridge local damage based on deep learning and optimal inversion analysis\u201d. (phdthesis). Tianjin University,CHINA, 2020. DOI: 10.27356\/d.cnki.gtjdu.2020.002921.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[21] H. Jin. \u201cStudy on the Service Performance and Durability Limit Life of Cantilever Anti-sliding Pile under Simulated Acid Rain Erosion Environment\u201d. (phdthesis). Chongqing Jiaotong University,CHINA, 2024. DOI: 10.27671\/d.cnki.gcjtc.2024.000015.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[22] GB\/T38509-2020. Code for the Design of Landslide Stabilization. 2020.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"0\">[23] G. 50152-2012. Standard for test method of concrete structures. 2012.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"template":"wp-custom-template-detail-4-aricles","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[12,720,6],"tags":[1100],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":[],"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"\u6797\u923a\u6db5","author_link":"\/jase\/?author=3"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"&nbsp;Copyright&nbsp;The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution&nbsp;License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited. Download Citation:\u00a0 BibTeX | http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202609_32.028\u00a0\u00a0 Download PDF Cantilever anti-sliding piles are critical for slope stability, yet their subsurface&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope\/5543"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope"}],"about":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/tkuisotope"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}