{"id":3220,"date":"2026-04-10T11:31:29","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T03:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iweb20wp-b205b.url.tku.edu.tw\/jase\/?post_type=tkuisotope&#038;p=3220"},"modified":"2026-06-10T23:23:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T15:23:26","slug":"landslide-hazard-assessment-based-on-improved-stacking-model","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/jase\/?tkuisotope=landslide-hazard-assessment-based-on-improved-stacking-model","title":{"rendered":"Landslide hazard assessment based on improved Stacking model"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row article-info\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-3 align-self-start\">\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-folder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/jase\/?page_id=2961\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"807\">2024<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-3 align-self-start\">\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-folder-open\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/jase\/?page_id=3186\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1055\">Volume 27, Issue 5<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-6 align-self-start\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div dv_publish\" data-aos=\"normal\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-04-10T11:31:29+08:00\">2026-04-10<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-5 align-self-start\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div au-ol\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<p>Rongchang Guo<sup>1<\/sup><a href=\"mailto:2485307443@qq.com\"><i class=\"fa fa-envelope\"><\/i><\/a>, Lingyan Yu<sup>1<\/sup>, Rui Zhang<sup>1<\/sup>, Chao Yuan<sup>1<\/sup>, and Pan He<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><sup>1<\/sup>School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\"><sup>2<\/sup>Baoji Electric Service Section of Xi\u2019an Railway Bureau Xi\u2019an 710054, China<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<p>Received:\u00a0April 17, 2023<br>Accepted:\u00a0July 12, 2023<br>Publication Date:\u00a0April 10, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-7 align-self-start clk=\u5716\u7247\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/27_05_02.jpg\" class=\"img-fluid img-fluid mx-auto d-block\" alt=\"\u4e0a\u50b3\u5716\u7247\">\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center img_caption\">Graph of landslide risk assessment factors<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><i class=\"fab fa-creative-commons\"><\/i>&nbsp;<strong>Copyright&nbsp;<\/strong>The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Commons Attribution&nbsp;License (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Download Citation:\u00a0 <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/jase-202509-28-09-0006.pdf\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/jase-202509-28-09-0006.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">BibTeX <\/a>| <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202405_27(5).0002\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202405_27(5).0002<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"btn btn-primary article-btn\"><a href=\"\/jase\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/02_2023_0329_V27i5.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"3206\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The early warning of landslides is crucial in mitigating the losses caused by frequent and abrupt landslide disasters along the railway. The scientific construction of an evaluation model is pivotal in conducting a comprehensive landslide hazard assessment. Using a railway section in Ya\u2019an City as a case study, an improved Stacking model was developed to assess landslide hazard by selecting eight evaluation factors and employing support vector machines, random forests, K-neighborhood, and naive Bayesian learning. Logical regression was utilized as a meta learning tool to evaluate the model\u2019s performance. To address the issue of a limited number of input samples for the meta learner, the proposed approach incorporates reduced dimensionality data from the original dataset as input for the meta learner. This is based on the output of the base learner, resulting in the establishment of an improved Stacking model. The ROC curve is used to verify the accuracy of the model, compare the accuracy of the Stacking model and the single model before and after the improvement, and generate the risk zoning map of the study area. The results show that the AUCs of support vector machines, random forests, and stacking models are 0.8068, 0.8203, and 0.8368 , respectively, with good performance, while the accuracy of the improved stacking model reaches 0.8806 . A reference for the prevention and management of geological catastrophes, the accuracy of the landslide hazard zoning map created using ArcGIS in the research area has reached 0.853 , which is essentially compatible with the real distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords:\u00a0Landslide; Support vector machines; Random forest; Stacking model<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:2rem\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-div ref_ol\" data-aos=\"normal\">\n<ol>\n<li>[1] R. Fang, Y. Liu, and Z. Huang, (2021) \u201cA review of the methods of regional landslide hazard assessment based on machine learning&#8221; The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazards and Control 32: 1\u20138.<\/li>\n<li>[2] F. Liu, L. Wang, and D. Xiao, (2021) \u201cApplication of machine learning model in landslide susceptibility evaluation&#8221; The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazards and Control 32: 98\u2013106.<\/li>\n<li>[3] Z. Jiang, M. Wang, and K. Liu, (2023) \u201cComparisons of Convolutional Neural Network and Other Machine Learning Methods in Landslide Susceptibility Assessment: A Case Study in Pingwu&#8221; Remote Sensing 15(3): 798.<\/li>\n<li>[4] W. Wang, P. Liu, and L. Gong, (2019) \u201cLandslide susceptibility mapping of sichuan province based on support vector machine&#8221; Journal of Railway Science and Engineering 16(5): 7.<\/li>\n<li>[5] Z. Chen, H. Zhou, F. Ye, B. Liu, and W. Fu, (2022) \u201cLandslide Susceptibility Mapping along the Anninghe Fault Zone in China using SVM and ACO-PSO-SVM Models&#8221; Lithosphere 2022(1): 2\u201316.<\/li>\n<li>[6] K. Mu, W. Xie, Q. Liu, M. Yan, H. Yang, H. Li, Y. Huang, and R. Zhu, (2022) \u201cResearch on Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation Based on Logistic Regression and LR Coupling Model&#8221; Journal of Catastrophology (003): 037.<\/li>\n<li>[7] E. K. Sahin, (2023) \u201cImplementation of free and opensource semi-automatic feature engineering tool in landslide susceptibility mapping using the machine learning algorithms RF, SVM, and XGBoost&#8221; Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 37(3): 1067\u20131092.<\/li>\n<li>[8] H. Wen, D. Hu, and G. Wang, (2014) \u201cA comparative study on the susceptibility mapping of earthquake triggered landslide by neural network and logistic regression model, Wenchuan County&#8221; China Civil Engineering Journal 47: 17\u201323.<\/li>\n<li>[9] F. Lin, J. Liu, S. Xu, M. Liu, M. Zhang, and E. Liang, (2020) \u201cEvaluation method of landslide susceptibility based on random forest weighted information&#8221; Science of Surveying and Mapping 45(12): 8.<\/li>\n<li>[10] X. ZHANG, C. ZHANG, H. MENG, et al., (2018) \u201cLandslide hazard evaluation in the northern mountainous area of Guide County based on Random Forest and AHP&#8221; Hydrogeology &amp; engineering geology 45(4): 142\u2013149.<\/li>\n<li>[11] Y. Wang, Z. Fang, and R. Niu, (2021) \u201cPrediction of Landslide Susceptibility in Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based on Integrating Deep Neural Network&#8221; Resources Environment &amp; Engineering 35(5): 652.<\/li>\n<li>[12] W. Wu, (2022) \u201cResearch and application of tax reduction and fee reduction risk prediction model based on stacking integrated learning&#8221;:<\/li>\n<li>[13] G. Yang, S. Liu, D. Wang, W. Wang, and J. Liu, (2022) \u201cShort-term wind power forecasting based on AttentionGRU wind speed correction and stacking&#8221; Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica 43: 273\u2013281.<\/li>\n<li>[14] Z. Yuan, X. Zhang, Y. Guo, C. Yin, and XiaoyanNing, (2022) \u201cResearch on Cost Forecasting of Power Grid Transmission Project Based on Stacking Integrated Model&#8221; Shandong Electric Power 49(12): 14\u201319.<\/li>\n<li>[15] J. Xu, B. Liu, G. Zhang, and J. Zhu, (2023) \u201cState-ofhealth estimation for lithium-ion batteries based on partial charging segment and stacking model fusion&#8221; Energy Science and Engineering 11(1): 383\u2013397.<\/li>\n<li>[16] W. Yan, H. Rao, and H. Duan, (2022) \u201cPrediction Method on Harmful Bird Density Based on Stacking Multi-Model Fusion Algorithm&#8221; Industrial Control Computer 35(12): 20\u201322.<\/li>\n<li>[17] G. Pan, M. Gong, M. He, C. Wu, X. Tang, L. Yang, and J. Ouyang, (2021) \u201cStacking&#8221; Dianli Zidonghua Shebei\/Electric Power Automation Equipment 41(1): 152\u2013158.<\/li>\n<li>[18] L. Li, X. Zhang, H. Deng, and L. Han, (2020) \u201cAssessment of Landslide Susceptibility Based on SVM-LR Model: A Case of Shanyang County&#8221; Science and Technology and Engineering 20(26): 8.<\/li>\n<li>[19] Z. Luan, X. Zhang, and Y. Wang, (2022) \u201cPrediction of surface subsidence coefficientin mining zrea based on RF-GWO-LSSVM&#8221; Beijing Surveying and Mapping 007: 036.<\/li>\n<li>[20] R. Wu, X. Hu, H. Mei, J. He, and J. Yang, (2021) \u201cSpatial susceptibility assessment of landslides based on random forest: a case study from Hubei section in the three gorges reservoir area&#8221; Earth Science 46(1): 321\u2013330.<\/li>\n<li>[21] F. Liu. Research on K-means algorithm cluster center optimization. 2021.<\/li>\n<li>[22] Z. Sun, Y. Li, Y. Jiang, and Z. Wang, (2023) \u201cSea temperature forecast in the northern South China Sea base on Stacking machine learning model&#8221; Marine Forecasts 40: 39\u201345.<\/li>\n<li>[23] H. Peng, W. Yan, S. Lin, H. Lai, and Z. Zhang, (2022) \u201cPoint cloud simplification improved algorithm integrating k-means clustering and Hausdorff distance&#8221; Geospatial Information 008: 020.<\/li>\n<li>[24] P. He, R. Guo, R. Zhang, and L. Yu, (2022) \u201cRisk assessment of landslide along railway based on different combination of evaluation factors&#8221; Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University 41(5): 8.<\/li>\n<li>[25] J. Liu, E. Liang, S. Xu, M. Liu, Y. Wang, F. Zhang, and A. Luo, (2022) \u201cMulti-kernel support vector machine considering sample optimization selection for analysis and evaluation of landslide disaster susceptibility&#8221; Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica 51(10): 2034\u20132045.<\/li>\n<li>[26] Z. Bai, Q. Liu, and Y. Liu, (2022) \u201cLarge-scale landslide susceptibility evaluation based on entropy index-random forest coupling model&#8221; Yangtze River 53(10): 95\u2013102.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"template":"wp-custom-template-detail-4-aricles","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[10,6,519],"tags":[588],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":[],"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"\u6797\u923a\u6db5","author_link":"\/jase\/?author=3"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"&nbsp;Copyright&nbsp;The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution&nbsp;License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited. Download Citation:\u00a0 BibTeX | http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202405_27(5).0002\u00a0\u00a0 Download PDF The early warning of landslides is crucial in mitigating the losses&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope\/3220"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope"}],"about":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/tkuisotope"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}