{"id":2241,"date":"2026-04-03T16:12:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T08:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iweb20wp-b205b.url.tku.edu.tw\/jase\/?post_type=tkuisotope&p=2241"},"modified":"2026-05-24T14:18:27","modified_gmt":"2026-05-24T06:18:27","slug":"nsga-ii-algorithm-based-wide-area-measurement-wams-allocation-with-considering-reliability","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/jase\/?tkuisotope=nsga-ii-algorithm-based-wide-area-measurement-wams-allocation-with-considering-reliability","title":{"rendered":"NSGA-II Algorithm-Based Wide Area Measurement (WAMS) Allocation with Considering Reliability"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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<\/i> 2025<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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<\/i> Volume 28, Issue 2<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Guimin Xu1<\/sup><\/i><\/a> and Zhengxiang Yang2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup>School of Physics and Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/sup>School of intelligent manufacturing, Wuhan Technical College of Communications, Wuhan 430065, China)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Received: June 8, 2023
Accepted: October 26, 2024
Publication Date: April 3, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\u4e0a\u50b3\u5716\u7247\"\n\n\n

Process that occurs in NSGA-II<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/i> Copyright <\/strong>The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Download Citation:\u00a0 BibTeX <\/a>| http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202502_28(2).0016<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Today\u2019s power systems for various reasons, including linearization of equations of state estimation and improved speed control and protection systems, use Wide Area Measurement (WAMS). Due to their high cost, it is essential to optimize the number and placement of this equipment. The costs associated with deploying a Synchro phasor have evolved throughout time. The cost of upgrading a substation, which is far more than the cost of a single device, has emerged as the major expense component. When determining where to put phasor measuring units (PMUs), it\u2019s important to consider not only how many will need to be built at each substation but also how many will need to undergo upgrades to accommodate them. In this paper, the multi-functional locating of phasor measurement units has been done with goals such as the cost of investment and risk in power systems (reliability) by indicating the observability. Then the location of the phasor units was solved in the form of an optimization problem, using multi-objective optimization algorithm NSGA-II. In the end, the performance of the proposed method is examined on the 9-bus system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords: Observability of Power Systems; Optimal PMU Allocation; Power System Reliability; Risk Cost; NSGA-II Algorithm<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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