{"id":1059,"date":"2026-03-15T14:10:30","date_gmt":"2026-03-15T06:10:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iweb20wp-b205b.url.tku.edu.tw\/jase\/?post_type=tkuisotope&p=1059"},"modified":"2026-04-06T21:58:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T13:58:01","slug":"exploration-of-visual-attention-analysis-and-optimization-algorithms-in-packaging-design","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/jase\/?tkuisotope=exploration-of-visual-attention-analysis-and-optimization-algorithms-in-packaging-design","title":{"rendered":"Exploration of Visual Attention Analysis and Optimization Algorithms in Packaging Design"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n
\n

<\/i> 2026<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

<\/i> Volume 31<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

AnOuyang<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

School of Art Design, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150076, China<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

Received:\u00a0September 07, 2025
Accepted:\u00a0November 06, 2025
Publication Date:\u00a0March 15, 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"\u4e0a\u50b3\u5716\u7247\"\n\n\n

The elements of packaging design<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/i> Copyright <\/strong>The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Download Citation:  BibTeX <\/a>| https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202608_31.004<\/a>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

In today\u2019s highly competitive market, consumer decisions are increasingly shaped by evolving preferences and the rapid recognition of brands. To meet these demands, this study proposed an innovative approach that integrates visual attention analysis with advanced optimization algorithms to enhance packaging efficiency and consumer engagement. A comprehensive packaging visual attention and engagement dataset was developed, encompassing design attributes, attention metrics, emotional responses, engagement measures, and performance indicators. During preprocessing, all package images were resized and normalized to ensure uniformity. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) were employed for feature extraction, enabling the identification of critical design elements such as layout, color palette, typography, and branding components. To further improve design optimization, the U-Net Driven Multi-Objective Cuckoo Search Tuned Efficient Fire Hawk Optimizer (UN-MOCS-EFHO) approach was implemented. This method combined the strengths of U-Net for segmentation, MOCS for multi-objective optimization, and EFHO for efficient convergence. Visual saliency was defined as the ability of specific design elements-such as color, contrast, or layout harmony-to capture consumer attention, while emotional resonance referred to how design structure influenced consumer perception and brand recall. By jointly modeling these factors, the proposed method optimized layout parameters and aesthetic features to achieve maximum consumer appeal. Experimental results demonstrated that the UN-MOCS-EFHO model outperformed other approaches, achieving superior performance with 99.995% accuracy, 98.5% precision, 97.4% recall, and 98.8% F1-score. This research established a data-driven, intelligent design framework that
leverages algorithmic modeling to create personalized, visually engaging, and emotionally resonant packaging aligned with contemporary market trends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords:\u00a0<\/em> Visual Attention Analysis, Packaging Design Optimization, Emotional Perception, UNet Driven Multi-Objective
Cuckoo Search Tuned Efficient Fire Hawk Optimizer (UN-MOCSEFHO ), layout parameters<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
    \n
  1. [1] L. Riswanto, S. Kim, A. Williady, Y. Ha, and H. S. Kim,(2025) \u201cHow visual design in dairy packaging affects consumer attention and decision-making “Dairy 6(1): 4. DOI: 10.3390\/dairy6010004.<\/li>\n
  2. [2] H. N. Schifferstein, M. Lemke, and A. de Boer, (2022) \u201cAn exploratory study using graphic design to communicate consumer benefits on food packaging\u201d Food Quality and Preference 97: 104458. DOI: 10.1016\/j.foodqual.2021.104458.<\/li>\n
  3. [3] P. Srivastava, D. Ramakanth, K. Akhila, and K. K. Gaikwad, (2022) \u201cPackage design as a branding tool in the cosmetic industry: consumers’ perception vs. reality\u201d SN Business Economics 2(6): 58. DOI: 10.1007\/s43546-022-00222-5.<\/li>\n
  4. [4] L. Hallez, H. Vansteenbeeck, F. Boen, and T. Smits, (2023) \u201cPersuasive packaging? The impact of packaging color and claims on young consumers’ perceptions of product healthiness, sustainability, and tastiness\u201d Appetite 182: 106433. DOI: 10.1016\/j.appet.2022.106433.<\/li>\n
  5. [5] P. Shukla, J. Singh, and W. Wang, (2022) \u201cThe influence of creative packaging design on customer motivation to process and purchase decisions\u201d Journal of Business Research 147: 338\u2013347. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.04.026.<\/li>\n
  6. [6] F. Boncinelli, F. Gerini, G. Piracci, R. Bellia, and L. Casini, (2023) \u201cEffect of executional greenwashing on market share of food products: An empirical study on green-coloured packaging\u201d Journal of Cleaner Production 391: 136258. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.136258.<\/li>\n
  7. [7] G. Branca, R. Resciniti, and S. M. C. Loureiro, (2023) \u201cVirtual is so real! Consumers’ evaluation of product packaging in virtual reality\u201d Psychology Marketing 40(3): 596\u2013609. DOI: 10.1002\/mar.21743.<\/li>\n
  8. [8] M. Bou-Mitri, H. Abdessater, H. Zgheib, and Z. Akiki, (2021) \u201cFood packaging design and consumer perception of the product quality, safety, healthiness, and preference\u201d Nutrition Food Science 51(1): 71\u201386. DOI: 10.1108\/NFS-02-2020-0039.<\/li>\n
  9. [9] C. Spence and G. Van Doorn, (2022) \u201cVisual communication via the design of food and beverage packaging\u201d Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 7(1): 42. DOI: 10.1186\/s41235-022-00391-9.<\/li>\n
  10. [10] J. Yu, O. Droulers, and S. Lacoste-Badie, (2022) \u201cWhy display motion on packaging? The effect of implied motion on consumer behavior\u201d Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 64: 102840. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jretconser.2021.102840.<\/li>\n
  11. [11] A. Lavdas, N. A. Salingaros, and A. Sussman, (2021) \u201cVisual attention software: A new tool for understanding the \u2018subliminal\u2019 experience of the built environment\u201d Applied Sciences 11(13): 6197. DOI: 10.3390\/app11136197.<\/li>\n
  12. [12] N. Kim and H. Lee, (2021) \u201cAssessing consumer attention and arousal using eye-tracking technology in a virtual retail environment\u201d Frontiers in Psychology 12: 665658. DOI: 10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.665658.<\/li>\n
  13. [13] H. Wang, M. A. A. Ab Gani, and C. Liu, (2023) \u201cImpact of snack food packaging design characteristics on consumer purchase decisions\u201d Sage Open 13(2): 21582440231167109. DOI: 10.1177\/21582440231167109.<\/li>\n
  14. [14] G. Ares, A. L. Vel\u00e1zquez, L. Vidal, M. R. Curutchet, and P. Varela, (2022) \u201cThe role of food packaging on children’s diet: Insights for the design of comprehensive regulations to encourage healthier eating habits in childhood and beyond\u201d Food Quality and Preference 95: 104366. DOI: 10.1016\/j.foodqual.2021.104366.<\/li>\n
  15. [15] S. Ji and P. S. Lin, (2022) \u201cAesthetics of sustainability: Research on the design strategies for emotionally durable visual communication design\u201d Sustainability 14(8): 4649. DOI: 10.3390\/su14084649.<\/li>\n
  16. [16] R. Chitturi, J. C. Londo\u00f1o, and M. C. Henriquez, (2022) \u201cVisual design elements of product packaging: Implications for consumers’ emotions, perceptions of quality, and price\u201d Color Research Application 47(3): 729\u2013744. DOI: 10.1002\/col.22761.<\/li>\n
  17. [17] F. Boccia, L. Alvino, and D. Covino, (2024) \u201cThis is not my jam: An Italian choice experiment on the influence of typical product attributes on consumers’ willingness to pay\u201d Nutrition Food Science 54(1): 13\u201332. DOI: 10.1108\/NFS-04-2023-0076.<\/li>\n
  18. [18] S. Kakadellis, J. Woods, and Z. M. Harris, (2021) \u201cFriend or foe: Stakeholder attitudes towards biodegradable plastic packaging in food waste anaerobic digestion\u201d Resources, Conservation and Recycling 169: 105529. DOI: 10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.105529.<\/li>\n
  19. [19] X. Zhao, Y. Wang, X. Chen, X. Yu, W. Li, S. Zhang, Z. M. Zhao, T. Dong, A. Anderson, and A. Aiyedun, (2023) \u201cSustainable bioplastics derived from renewable natural resources for food packaging\u201d Matter 6(1): 97\u2013127. DOI: 10.1016\/j.matt.2022.11.006.<\/li>\n
  20. [20] S. K. Yang, W. J. Chung, and F. Yang, (2024) \u201cAnalyzing the packaging design evaluation based on image emotion perception computing\u201d Heliyon 10(10): DOI: 10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31408.<\/li>\n
  21. [21] W. Wen, (2022) \u201cResearch on modern book packaging design based on aesthetic evaluation using a deep learning model\u201d Scientific Programming 2022(1): 8329745. DOI: 10.1155\/2022\/8329745.<\/li>\n
  22. [22] M. Zhang, J. Han, J. Jia, and C. Kim, (2024) \u201cPackaging design image segmentation based on improved full convolutional networks\u201d Applied Sciences 14(22): 10742. DOI: 10.3390\/app142210742.<\/li>\n
  23. [23] L. Kumar, R. Dutt, and K. K. Gaikwad, (2025) \u201cPackaging 4.0: Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in the food packaging industry\u201d Current Food Science and Technology Reports 3(1): 19. DOI: 10.1007\/s43555-025-00064-w.<\/li>\n
  24. [24] M. A. Moreno-Armend\u00e1riz, H. Calvo, J. Faustinos, and C. A. Duchanoy, (2023) \u201cPersonalized advertising design based on automatic analysis of an individual’s appearance\u201d Applied Sciences 13(17): 9765. DOI: 10.3390\/app13179765.<\/li>\n
  25. [25] J. Wang, (2023) \u201cPackaging style design based on visual semantic segmentation technology and an intelligent cyber-physical system\u201d PeerJ Computer Science 9: e1451. DOI: 10.7717\/peerj-cs.1451.<\/li>\n
  26. [26] Z. Shi, Z. Song, and C. Huang, (2025) \u201cDeep learning-based approach to evaluate the quality of corporate brand packaging visual design\u201d International Journal of High-Speed Electronics and Systems: 2540345. DOI: 10.1142\/S0129156425403456.<\/li>\n
  27. [27] D. Zhu and G. Liu, (2022) \u201cDeep neural network model-assisted reconstruction and optimization of Chinese characters in product packaging graphic patterns and visual styling design\u201d Scientific Programming 2022(1): 1219802. DOI: 10.1155\/2022\/1219802.<\/li>\n
  28. [28] D. K. R. Basani, (2021) \u201cLeveraging robotic process automation and business analytics in digital transformation: Insights from machine learning and AI\u201d International Journal of Engineering Research and Science Technology 17(3): 115\u2013133.<\/li>\n
  29. [29] V. Fern\u00e1ndez-Carbajales, M. \u00c1. Garc\u00eda, and J. M. Mart\u00ednez, (2016) \u201cVisual attention based on a joint perceptual space of color and brightness for improved video tracking\u201d Pattern Recognition 60: 571\u2013584.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"template":"wp-custom-template-detail-4-aricles","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[12,17,6],"tags":[61],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":[],"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"\u6797\u923a\u6db5","author_link":"\/jase\/?author=3"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":" Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited. Download Citation:  BibTeX | https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6180\/jase.202608_31.004   Download PDF In today\u2019s highly competitive market, consumer decisions are increasingly shaped by…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope\/1059"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope"}],"about":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/tkuisotope"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/jase\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}