Risk Factors of Stomach Cancer Bangladesh Perspective: A Case-Control Study

Md. Rejaul Islam Royel; Mehedi  Hassan; Fuyad  Al Masud; Md. Ajmanur  Jaman; Arzo  Ahmed; Abdul  Muyeed

doi:10.6180/jase.202108_24(4).0020

Risk Factors of Stomach Cancer Bangladesh Perspective: A Case-Control Study

Computer Science and Information Engineering

Md. Rejaul Islam Royel¹ , Mehedi Hassan² , Fuyad Al Masud This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.^1,3, Md. Ajmanur Jaman¹ , Arzo Ahmed⁴ , and Abdul Muyeed⁵

¹Department of Software Engineering (SWE), Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
²Export Promotion Bureau, Commerce Ministry, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
³Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
⁴Department of Statistics, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
⁵Department of Statistics, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh-2220, Bangladesh

Received: November 23, 2020
Accepted: March 28, 2021
Publication Date: August 1, 2021

Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202108_24(4).0020

ABSTRACT

Background: Stomach cancer is known as gastric cancer. Knowing any disease risk factors is an important task which is varied from country to country. In this study, we aim to find out all possible preoperative significant risk factors for stomach cancer and increase awareness among the people of Bangladesh. Methodology: Personal interview methods have been applied and the same questionnaire is maintained to collect Case and Control Group Data. The total number of sample size is 300 (Case = 150 and Control = 150). Case group people’s data are collected from the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) Bangladesh and Control groups data are collected from outside of the hospital. The entire analysis took place by frequency distribution with P-value and finally doing binary logistic regression modeling by odds ratio. Results: After analyzing 300 subjects’ records with 26 risk factors, we have received 21 statistically significant (P< 0.05) risk factors where “Skin Color Turn into Pale” including (P<0.001, OR =139.462), and “Abdominal Pain” are the first and second most pre-operative risk factors of stomach cancer including (P<0.001, OR = 66.769). Besides, we have found other significant high-risk factors like “Age”, “BMI”, “Education Level”, “Get Ill Too Much (frequently affected by the disease)”, “Working Status”, “Monthly Income”, “Family Member”, “Blood Group”, “Daily Food Intime”, “Take Spicy and Salted Food”, “Menetrier Disease”, “Previous Stomach Surgery” and so on. Conclusion The investigated outcomes of this study will help to increase awareness among the people of Bangladesh as well as the rest of the world.

Keywords: Stomach Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Preoperative Risk Factors; Statistical Analysis

REFERENCES

[1] Guoqin Yu, Nan Hu, Lemin Wang, Chaoyu Wang, Xiao You Han, Mike Humphry, Jacques Ravel, Christian C Abnet, Philip R Taylor, and Alisa M Goldstein. Gastric microbiota features associated with cancer risk factors and clinical outcomes: A pilot study in gastric cardia cancer patients from Shanxi, China. International Journal of Cancer, 141(1):45–51, jul 2017. ISSN 10970215.
[2] Bárbara Peleteiro, Milton Severo, Carlo La Vecchia, and Nuno Lunet. Model-based patterns in stomach cancer mortality worldwide. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 23(6):524–531, 2014. ISSN 14735709.
[3] Timothy L Cover. Helicobacter pylori diversity and gastric cancer risk, 2016. ISSN 21507511.
[4] Syed Akram Hussain and Richard Sullivan. Cancer control in Bangladesh, 2013. ISSN 03682811.
[5] Lindsey A Torre, Freddie Bray, Rebecca L Siegel, Jacques Ferlay, Joannie Lortet-Tieulent, and Ahmedin Jemal. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 65(2):87–108, mar 2015. ISSN 1542-4863.
[6] Haejin In, Marisa Langdon-Embry, Lauren Gordon, Clyde B. Schechter, Judith Wylie-Rosett, Philip E. Castle, M. Margaret Kemeny, and Bruce D. Rapkin. Can a gastric cancer risk survey identify high-risk patients for endoscopic screening? A pilot study. Journal of Surgical Research, 227:246–256, 2018. ISSN 10958673.
[7] Lis Ellison-Loschmann, Andrew Sporle, Marine Corbin, Soo Cheng, Pauline Harawira, Michelle Gray, Tracey Whaanga, Parry Guilford, Jonathan Koea, and Neil Pearce. Risk of stomach cancer in Aotearoa/New Zealand: A Maori population based case-control study. ¯ PLoS ONE, 12(7), jul 2017. ISSN 19326203.
[8] Alice G Brandfonbrener. Epidemiology and risk factors. Medical problems of the instrumentalist musician, pages 171– 194, 2000.
[9] Ana Ferro, Bárbara Peleteiro, Matteo Malvezzi, Cristina Bosetti, Paola Bertuccio, Fabio Levi, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, and Nuno Lunet. Worldwide trends in gastric cancer mortality (1980-2011), with predictions to 2015, and incidence by subtype. European Journal of Cancer, 50 (7):1330–1344, 2014. ISSN 18790852.
[10] Hye Min Jung, Jin Seok Lee, David R. Lairson, and Yoon Kim. The effect of national cancer screening on disparity reduction in cancer stage at diagnosis by income level. PLoS ONE, 10(8), aug 2015. ISSN 19326203.
[11] Hellen Gelband, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Cindy L Gauvreau, Susan Horton, Benjamin O Anderson, Freddie Bray, James Cleary, Anna J Dare, Lynette Denny, Mary K Gospodarowicz, Sumit Gupta, Scott C Howard, David A. Jaffray, Felicia Knaul, Carol Levin, Linda Rabeneck, Preetha Rajaraman, Terrence Sullivan, Edward L Trimble, and Prabhat Jha. Costs, affordability, and feasibility of an essential package of cancer control interventions in low-income and middle-income countries: Key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition, 2016. ISSN 1474547X.
[12] Esther de Vries, Claudia Uribe, Constanza Pardo, Valery Lemmens, Ellen Van de Poel, and David Forman. Gastric cancer survival and affiliation to health insurance in a middle-income setting. Cancer Epidemiology, 39(1):91–96, 2015. ISSN 1877783X.
[13] M Anuradha, T Jayasankar, N. B. Prakash, Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar, G. R. Hemalakshmi, C. Bharatiraja, and A. Sagai Francis Britto. IoT enabled cancer prediction system to enhance the authentication and security using cloud computing. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 80, 2021. ISSN 01419331.
[14] Freddie Bray, Jacques Ferlay, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Rebecca L Siegel, Lindsey A Torre, and Ahmedin Jemal. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6):394– 424, 2018. ISSN 1542-4863.
[15] Giuseppe Grosso, Francesca Bella, Justyna Godos, Salvatore Sciacca, Daniele Del Rio, Sumantra Ray, Fabio Galvano, and Edward L. Giovannucci. Possible role of diet in cancer: Systematic review and multiple meta-analyses of dietary patterns, lifestyle factors, and cancer risk. Nutrition Reviews, 75(6):405–419, 2017. ISSN 17534887.
[16] Gundula Behrens, Carmen Jochem, Marlen Keimling, Cristian Ricci, Daniela Schmid, and Michael Fred Leitzmann. The association between physical activity and gastroesophageal cancer: Systematic review and metaanalysis, 2014. ISSN 15737284.
[17] Stojcev Z., Matysiak K., Duszewski M., and Banasiewicz T. The role of dietary nutrition in stomach cancer. Wspolczesna Onkologia, 17(4):343–345, 2013. ISSN 1428-2526.
[18] Manuel Amieva and Richard M. Peek. Pathobiology of Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Cancer, 2016. ISSN 15280012.
[19] Snieguole Vingeliene, Doris S.M. Chan, Dagfinn Aune, Ana R. Vieira, Elli Polemiti, Christophe Stevens, Leila Abar, Deborah Navarro Rosenblatt, Darren C. Greenwood, and Teresa Norat. An update of the WCRF/AICR systematic literature review on esophageal and gastric cancers and citrus fruits intake, jul 2016. ISSN 15737225.
[20] L. T. Ngoan, T Mizoue, Y Fujino, N. Tokui, and T. Yoshimura. Dietary factors and stomach cancer mortality. British Journal of Cancer, 87(1):37–42, 2002. ISSN 00070920.
[21] J. L. Petrick, S. E. Steck, P. T. Bradshaw, K. F. Trivers, P. E. Abrahamson, L. S. Engel, K. He, W. H. Chow, S. T. Mayne, H. A. Risch, T. L. Vaughan, and M. D. Gammon. Dietary intake of flavonoids and oesophageal and gastric cancer: Incidence and survival in the United States of America (USA). British Journal of Cancer, 112(7):1291–1300, 2015. ISSN 15321827.
[22] Sri G Thrumurthy, M. Asif Chaudry, Daniel Hochhauser, and Muntzer Mughal. The diagnosis and management of gastric cancer, 2013. ISSN 17561833.
[23] Mamun Ibn Bashar, Kawsar Ahmed, Muhammad Shahin Uddin, Farzana Ahmed, Abdullah-Al Emran, and Aditi Chakraborty. Depression and Quality of Life among Postmenopausal Women in Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Menopausal Medicine, 23 (3):172, 2017. ISSN 2288-6478.
[24] Ji Lai Liu, Xin Hu Li, Tao Lin, Long Dai, Guo Qin Zhang, Chao Sheng Zhang, Hong Ye, Vee Gibson, and Qian Jun Zhao. Spatial analysis of gastric cancer morbidity in regions of rapid urbanization: a case study in Xiamen, China. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 30(2):713–723, 2016. ISSN 14363259.
[25] M J Hopkins, R Sharp, and G T Macfarlane. Age and disease related changes in intestinal bacterial populations assessed by cell culture, 16S rRNA abundance, and community cellular fatty acid profiles. Gut, 48(2):198–205, 2001. ISSN 00175749.
[26] Verneda Lights. Paleness: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment, 2019. URL https://www.healthline.com/ health/paleness.
[27] Janet M. Torpy, Cassio Lynm, and Richard M. Glass. Stomach cancer, 2010. ISSN 00987484.
[28] Mina Suh, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Yoon Young Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Duk Hyoung Lee, and Yeol Kim. Trends in cancer screening rates among Korean men and women: Results of the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2013. Cancer Research and Treatment, 48(1): 1–10, 2016. ISSN 20059256.
[29] Yoon Jin Choi and Nayoung Kim. Gastric cancer and family history, 2016. ISSN 20056648.
[30] Qin Huang and Edward Lew. Epidemiology and risk factors. In Gastric Cardiac Cancer, pages 39–49. Springer International Publishing, may 2018. ISBN 9783319791142.