Jiayang Li This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.1,3, Binxia Xue This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.2 , Dan Wang3 , and Qian Xiao3
1School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.110000 2School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology/ Key Laboratory on Urban-Rural Human Settlement Environment in Winter City of Ministry of Science and Technology Industry and Information, Harbin, China.150028 3School of Information Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang, China.110044
Received: January 1, 2021 Accepted: February 26, 2021 Publication Date: August 1, 2021
Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.
Evacuation behavior of social small groups in buildings is a popular research topic. There is usually only one group type, such as “leader-follower”, in most group evacuation studies. This paper conducts empirical studies on the behavioral characteristics of social small group evacuees in order to determine the group types and their decision-making mechanism. Then, the exit and speed of evacuation strategies of different types of social small groups are obtained. Moreover, we present an improved social force model that considers different group decisions. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the total evacuation time and the goal selection of the improved model are simulated and compared. The results show that the model of this paper can simulate multiple types of social small group evacuation behaviors in actual scenarios and complex building environments, such as high-density crowd evacuation. The model can also be used as an important tool in the study of social small group evacuation behaviors in complex scenes.
Keywords: Improving the social force model; Social small group; Emergency evacuation; Public building safety
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