Ping-Huang Wu This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.1 and Chin-Hwa Kuo1

1Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkamg University, Tamshui, Taiwan 251, R.O.C.


 

Received: August 19, 2007
Accepted: November 24, 2007
Publication Date: June 1, 2008

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.2008.11.2.14  


ABSTRACT


As automatic control systems are widely used in industry, the study of them is one of the most important introductory courses offered in college-level curricula. In this paper, we propose a networked learning model for automatic remote control PID experiments, including a platform and a networked learning system designed according to competence-based education methods. The online system offers a new approach to practical learning in a virtual laboratory. To evaluate the efficacy of the system, we conducted an experimental study using students enrolled in the automatic control course at Tungnan University in Taiwan. We consider three instructional methods in this paper: a traditional method, a remote learning system method, and a competence-based networked learning method. The effects of students’ academic performance prior to taking the course on their achievements with regard to PID control learning are also discussed. Thirty students were randomly divided into three groups, and one instructional method was implemented for each group. The students were also divided into two groups (high and low) according to their GPA scores in the previous school year. The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA analysis, and the interaction effect between two independent variables, i.e., one of the instructional methods and the student’s performance prior to taking the course, was observed. We found that both variables have a significant effect on a student’s learning outcomes. The results show that our competence-based networked learning system is as effective as the traditional instructional method.


Keywords: PID Controller, E-Learning, Virtual Laboratory, ANOVA, Competence-Based Education


REFERENCES


  1. [1] Kelly, R. and Moreno, J., “Learning PID Structures in an Introductory Course of Automatic Control,” IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 44, pp. 373376 (2001).
  2. [2] Mikael, M., Eriksson, L. and Heikki, H., “Tuning of PID Controllers for Networked Control Systems,” IEEE Industrial Electronics, IECON - 32nd Annual Conference on, pp. 46054655 (2006).
  3. [3] Basilio, J. C. and Matos, S. R., “Design of PI and PID Controllers with Transient Performance Specification,” IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 45, pp. 364370 (2002).
  4. [4] Teixeira, M. C. M., Assuncao, E. and Covacic, M. R., “Proportional Controllers: Direct Method for Stability Analysis and MATLAB Implementation,” IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 50, pp. 7478 (2007).
  5. [5] Tipsuwanpom, R. T., Runghimmawan, T., Intajag, S. and Krongratana, V., “Fuzzy Logic PID Controller Based on FPGA for Process Control,” Industrial Electronics, IEEE International Symposium on, Vol. 2, pp. 14951500 (2004).
  6. [6] Li, C. Y. and Huang, T. L., “Optimal Design of the Grey Prediction PID Controller for Power System Stabilizers by Evolutionary Programming,” Networking, Sensing and Control, IEEE International Conference on, Vol. 2, pp. 13701375 (2004).
  7. [7] Shi, C., Guo, C. and Sun, C., “Application of Intelligence Controller for Marine Main Engine System,” Intelligent Control and Automation, WCICA, Vol. 2, pp. 84398443 (2006).
  8. [8] Pena-Shaff, J. B. and Nicholls, C., “Analyzing Student Interaction and Meaning Construction in Computer Bulletin Board Discussions,” Computers & Education, Vol. 42, pp. 243265 (2004).
  9. [9] Chen, Y. S., Kao, T. C. and Sheu, J. P., “A Mobile Learning System for Scaffolding Bird Watching Learning,” Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, pp. 347359 (2003).
  10. [10] Mouthaan, T. J., Olthuis, W. and Vos, H., “Competence-Based E-Learning: (How) Can We Implement It?” IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Systems Education, pp. 3334 (2003).
  11. [11] Karampiperis, P. and Sampson, D., “Adaptive Learning Objects Sequencing for Competence-Based Learning,” IEEE ICALT, pp. 136138 (2006).
  12. [12] Kreijns, K. and Kirschner, P. A., “The Social Addordances of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Environments,” Proc. of Frontiers in Education Conference, Vol. 1, pp. T1F-12T1F-17 (2001).
  13. [13] Chen, W. F., Wu, W. H. and Su, T. J., “Assessing Virtual Laboratories in a Digital-Filter Design Course: An Experimental Study,” IEEE Transactions on Education, pp. 17 (2007).
  14. [14] Christou, I. T., Efremidis, S., Tiropanis, T. and Kalis, A.,“Grid-Based Virtual Laboratory Experiments for a Graduate Course on Sensor Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 50, pp. 1726 (2007).
  15. [15] Wu, P. H. and Kuo, C. H., “A Web-Based Virtual Laboratory for PLC,” ICCE, pp. 297302 (2003).
  16. [16] Kuo, C. H., Wang, T. S. and Wu, P. H., “Design of Networked Visual Monitoring Systems,” The Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 2, pp. 149 161 (1999).
  17. [17] Powell, J. V., Aeby Jr. V. G. and Carpenter-Aeby T., “A Comparison of Student Outcomes with and without Teacher Facilitated Computer-Base Instruction,” Computers & Education, Vol. 40, pp. 183191 (2003).
  18. [18] Swamy, N., Kuljaca, O. and Lewis, F. L., “InternetBased Educational Control Systems Lab Using NetMeeting,” IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 45, pp. 145151 (2002).
  19. [19] Hodge, H., Hinton, H. S. and Lightner, M., “Virtual Circuit Laboratory,” IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, pp. T1D-1T1D-6 (2000).
  20. [20] Pallant, J., SPSS survival manual (2nd ed.), Open University Press, U. K. (2005).
  21. [21] Suthers, D. D., Hundhausen, C. D. and Girardeau, L. E., “Comparing the Roles of Representations in Faceto-Face and Online Computer Supported Collaborative Learning,” Computers & Education, Vol. 41, pp. 335351 (2003).